Social network typologies of Korean older adults and digital literacy differences: A latent class analysis.

Background: This study categorized older Korean adults' social networks and analyzed their characteristics and digital literacy differences based on type. Methods: We analyzed data from 9,377 Korean older adult participants of the 2020 National Survey of Older Koreans, and performed latent class analysis (LCA) χ2 and Welch's F analyses to understand the characteristics of each social network type. The Games-Howell post-hoc test was applied to determine the significance of differences between groups. Results: The three social network types derived using LCA were "child-centered," "child-friend," and "friend-centered." The digital literacy levels differed significantly according to social network type. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used to propose intervention programs and services associated with older adults' social networks by examining their social network types and the corresponding differences in digital literacy.

Evaluating Health Care Professionals' Readiness for e-Health Adoption in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Georgian Perspective.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of Electronic health (e-Health), leveraging technologies such as telemedicine, electronic health records, artificial intelligence, and patient engagement platforms. This transformation underscores e-Health's role in providing efficient, patient-centered care. Our study explores health care professionals' readiness for these technologies, emphasizing the need for tailored education in this evolving landscape. Methods: In our study, conducted between February and March 2023, we administered a questionnaire-based survey to 500 staff members (82.4% female, 17.6% male) aged 25-70 from medical universities in Tbilisi, Georgia. The structured questionnaire covered topics such as computer literacy, telemedicine awareness, patient data security, and ethical considerations. We employed SPSS v21.0 for data analysis, encompassing descriptive statistics and thematic analysis of open-ended responses. Results: Our study included 500 participants categorized into five age groups. Notably, 31% considered themselves computer "experts," while 69% rated their skills as "intermediate" or "advanced." Furthermore, 85% used computers professionally, with 33% having practical computer training. Interestingly, 59% expressed interest in information technology training. Regarding e-Health, 15% believed it involves remote communication between health care professionals and patients, while 42% considered it "correct," and 37% "might be correct." Concerning its application in managing patients, opinions varied. In terms of e-Health's integration into Georgia's health care, responses ranged. Regarding patient data safety, participants exhibited diverse views. Finally, opinions on the necessity of informed consent for e-Health applications varied among participants. Conclusions: Our study explores health care professionals' readiness for e-Health adoption during the COVID-19 pandemic. It reveals varying computer literacy levels, a willingness to learn, differing views on e-Health applications, and mixed opinions on its integration into Georgian health care. These findings emphasize the need for clear e-Health terminology, education, tailored approaches, and a focus on data privacy and informed consent. Overall, e-Health's transformative role in modern health care is underscored.

[Lessons learnt from COVID-19: technology for organizing a forced self-isolation regime].

The lessons of COVID-19 have confirmed the effectiveness of measures aimed at strict self-isolation and quarantine. In the People's Republic of China, where any violation of the regime requirements was qualified as a criminal offense, the virus was neutralized when the pandemic was only gaining momentum in Europe and America. However, without proper organization of a restrictive regime, self-isolation can lead to negative consequences in terms of deterioration of health and standard of living. The pandemic has undoubtedly significantly complicated our lives, has taken millions of lives, caused disability, deterioration of material status, rupture of marital ties. One of the reasons for this development of events was the unsatisfactory organization of leisure during self-isolation. The inability to calmly wait out, endure COVID-associated adversities in most countries caused mass popular unrest, gave rise to panic moods. Only those who managed to curb the negative consequences and direct them in the right direction managed to come out of the pandemic with dignity. The authors have developed an organizational technology of the forced self-isolation regime based on the complex of measures and proposed this technology for introduction to daily life of the population during the period of restrictive regimes. The authors are sure that it is especially important to organize leisure and create the most comfortable conditions of the isolated living for the elderly, who are the most sensitive to changes in life stereotypes. The authors propose a set of measures to efficiently organize leisure during self-isolation with physical therapy, cognitive training, as well as measures to fit the body and develop psychological relief, making it possible to reverse the threat of the pandemic in higher health potential and better family relations.

Habilidades digitales y tecnoestrés en docentes universitarios mayores de 60 años / Digital skills and technostress in university professors aged 60 years and over i: en

Introducción: Las limitaciones en el uso de las tecnologías en los docentes de la educación superior conducen al aislamiento social y la exclusión e impiden demostrar las competencias profesionales. Objetivo: Describir las habilidades digitales en docentes universitarios adultos mayores y su relación con el tecnoestrés. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo, de mayo a noviembre del 2022, de 19 docentes en las edades de 60 y más años de la Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, en Perú. Para ello, se desarrolló un taller de capacitación y se evaluó la comprensión de 6 herramientas teórico-prácticas de la categoría docente en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje a través de la ejecución de actividades (cuestionario, chat y tareas) en la plataforma virtual Moodle. Asimismo, se orientó marcar los criterios de identificación de la investigación formativa y, para la calificación, se establecieron 3 intervalos de puntuación. Se aplicó una encuesta fundamentada en la demostración de las habilidades digitales y el estado emocional en relación con la tecnología. Resultados: El valor promedio de la calificación fue 14,73±0,42 y se obtuvieron los siguientes porcentajes para cada intervalo de puntuación: I) 57,9; II) 31,6 y III) 10,5. Igualmente, 73,7 % requirió asistencia técnica para interactuar con la enseñanza virtual, mientras que 84,2 % se agobió con el uso de la tecnología. Existió correlación (p=0,0256) entre la puntuación asignada en las habilidades digitales y el tecnoestrés. Conclusiones: Los docentes universitarios mayores de 60 años mostraron deficiencias en las habilidades digitales, lo cual condujo a la aparición de tecnoestrés.

Introduction: Limitations in the use of technologies in higher education professors lead to social isolation and exclusion and prevent the demonstration of professional skills. Objective: Describe digital skills in elderly university professors and their relationship with technostress. Methods: A qualitative study was carried out, from May to November, 2022, of 19 professors aged 60 years and over from San Luis Gonzaga National University in Ica, Peru. To this purpose, a training workshop was developed and the understanding of 6 theoretical-practical tools of teaching category in the teaching learning process was evaluated through the implementation of activities (questionnaire, chat and tasks) on the online platform Moodle. Likewise, the aim was to mark the identification criteria of training research and, for grading, 3 scoring intervals were established. A survey was applied based on the demonstration of digital skills and the emotional state concerning technology. Results: The mean value of score was 14.73±0.42 and the following percentages were obtained for each score interval: I) 57.9; II) 31.6 and III) 10.5. Also, 73.7% required technical assistance to interact with virtual teaching, while 84.2% were overwhelmed with the use of technology. There was a correlation (p=0.0256) between the score assigned in digital skills and technostress. Conclusions: University professors over 60 years of age showed deficiencies in the digital skills, which led to the appearance of technostress.

Normatização dos escores da escala eHealth Literacy Scale para avaliação do letramento digital em saúde / Standardization of eHealth Literacy Scale scores for assessing digital health literacy / Estandarización de las puntuaciones de la escala eHealth Literacy Scale para evaluar la alfabetización digital en salud

Objetivo: analisar os dados de normatização dos escores da versão brasileira do instrumento eHealth Literacy Scale (eHeals) para avaliação do letramento digital em saúde. Método: estudo transversal com 502 adultos brasileiros, realizado em 2019. Dados coletados pelo instrumento eHeals e questionário sociodemográfico. Foram aplicadas árvores de decisão e análise discriminante. Estudo aprovado pelo Comite de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: a análise discriminante determinou as faixas de classificação do eHeals a partir da distribuição dos escores. A árvore de decisão indicou que a escolaridade afetou de forma relevante os resultados da escala. Os indivíduos com escolaridade até o ensino fundamental II incompleto: baixo (até 10), médio (11 a 25), alto (27 a 40), e escolaridade acima: baixo (até 25), médio (25 a 32) e alto LDS (33 a 40). Conclusão: a classificação dos níveis de letramento digital em saúde de adultos pelo eHeals deve ser controlada pelos níveis de escolaridade dos participantes.

Objective: to analyze the normative data of the scores of the Brazilian version of the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHeals) instrument for assessing digital health literacy. Method: cross-sectional study with 502 Brazilian adults in 2019. Data collected using the eHeals instrument and sociodemographic questionnaire. Decision trees and discriminant analysis were applied. Study approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: Discriminant analysis determined the eHeals classification ranges based on the distribution of scores. The decision tree indicated that education significantly affected the scale results. Thus, individuals with incomplete elementary school education up to II: low (up to 10), medium (11 to 25), high (27 to 40), and higher education: low (up to 25), medium (25 to 32) and high LDS (33 to 40). Conclusion: the classification of digital health literacy levels using eHeals in adults should be controlled by the participants' education levels.

Objetivo: analizar los datos de estandarización de las puntuaciones de la versión brasileña del instrumento eHealth Literacy Scale (eHeals) para evaluar la alfabetización digital en salud. Método: estudio transversal con 502 adultos brasileños que tuvo lugar en 2019. La recolección de datos se hizo mediante el instrumento eHeals y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. Se aplicaron árboles de decisión y análisis discriminante. El Comité de Ética en Investigación aprobó el estudio. Resultados: El análisis discriminante determinó los rangos de clasificación de eHeals con base en la distribución de puntuaciones. El árbol de decisión indicó que la educación afectó significativamente los resultados de la escala. Individuos con educación primaria incompleta: baja (hasta 10), media (11 a 25), alta (27 a 40), y educación superior a esa mencionada: baja (hasta 25), media (25 a 32) y alto LDS (33 a 40). Conclusión: la clasificación de los niveles de alfabetización en salud digital en adultos con eHeals debe ser controlada por los niveles de educación de los participantes.

Moderation modelling of COVID-19 digital health literacy and sense of coherence across subjective social class and age among university students in Ghana.

BACKGROUND: The study assessed the moderation modelling of digital health literacy and sense of coherence across subjective social class and age among university students in Ghana during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A total of 1160 students were conveniently sampled from two universities namely, the University of Education, Winneba and University of Cape Coast, using the descriptive cross-sectional survey design. Preliminary analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, whilst multivariate multiple regression and moderation analyses (Haye's Model) were employed to analyze the main data. RESULTS: The study revealed that COVID-19 digital health literacy is directly and positively associated with sense of coherence among university students. Further, higher subjective social class positively and strongly moderated the relationship between COVID-19 digital health literacy and sense of coherence among university students. Additionally, the relationship between COVID-19 digital health literacy and sense of coherence was indirectly prominent among relatively older university students than younger ones. CONCLUSIONS: The findings have implications for university management/authorities and public health agencies to organize effective orientation and self-management training programmes for university students.

Competencias digitales de estudiantes de la maestría en Cuidados Paliativos y Manejo del Dolor

Objetivo: Determinar las competencias digitales de los estudiantes de la maestría en Cuidados Paliativos y Manejo del Dolor de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos en el año 2022. Materiales y métodos: Investigación de diseño no experimental, descriptivo y de corte transversal. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por los alumnos de la maestría en Cuidados Paliativos y Manejo de Dolor matriculados en el año 2022. Se empleó una muestra no probabilística. Los datos se recolectaron a través de la encuesta Cuestionario de competencias digitales en educación superior (CDES), compuesta por 46 indicadores distribuidos en cinco factores, que tiene una fiabilidad de 0,96 según alfa de Cronbach. Se respetó la confidencialidad de los datos y la autonomía en las decisiones de los participantes. Resultados: Se trabajó con una muestra final de 59 alumnos. La edad promedio fue 38,03 años y el 76,3 % fueron mujeres. Todos los estudiantes contaban con una computadora personal y acceso a internet. El análisis descriptivo determinó un predominio de la valoración "muy importante": 49,2 % para el factor "ciudadanía digital"; 47,5 % para el factor "comunicación y colaboración"; 45,8 % para "creatividad e innovación" y "acceso y uso de la información"; y 44,1 % para el factor "alfabetización digital". Según el análisis global de competencias digitales, 49,2 % manifestó una valoración "muy importante" y 42,4 %, "importante"; no hubo resultados para la denominación "nada importante". Conclusiones: Todos los estudiantes disponen de una computadora personal y cuentan con acceso a internet, lo que ratifica el creciente interés por incluir los aspectos relacionados con la competencia digital en la educación universitaria. El factor "alfabetización tecnológica" presentó menor valoración, mientras que el factor "ciudadanía digital" tuvo mayor valoración. El 91,6 % de estudiantes valora la competencia digital entre importante y muy importante, lo que podría considerarse como muy favorable.

Objective: To determine the digital skills among students of the master's program in Palliative Care and Pain Management at Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos School of Medicine in 2022. Materials and methods: A non-experimental, descriptive and cross-sectional research. The study population was comprised of students of the master's program in Palliative Care and Pain Management enrolled in the year 2022. A non-probability sample was used. Data were collected through the survey "Digital Skills in Higher Education Questionnaire" (CDES), consisting of 46 indicators distributed in five factors with a reliability of 0.96 according to Cronbach's alpha. Data confidentiality and participants' autonomy were respected. Results: The final sample was made up of 59 students, the average age was 38.03 years and 76.3 % were women. All students had a personal computer and Internet access. The descriptive analysis showed that the "very important" rating prevailed: 49.2 % for the "digital citizenship" factor, 47.5 % for the "communication and collaboration" factor, 45.8 % for the "creativity and innovation" and the "access and use of information" factors, and 44.1 % for the "digital literacy" factor. According to the digital skills global analysis, 49.2 % and 42.4 % chose the "very important" and "important" ratings, respectively. There were no results for the "not at all important" rating. Conclusions: All students had a personal computer and Internet access, which confirms the growing interest in including aspects related to digital skills in university education. The "digital literacy" and the "digital citizenship" factors had a lower and higher rating, respectively, compared to the other factors. A total of 91.6 % of the students considered that digital skills are important and very important, which could be considered as highly favorable.

Competencias digitales docentes: reporte de autopercepción en ciencias de la salud

Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de competencia digital en académicos que ejercen la docencia entre el primer y el quinto año en carreras del área de la salud mediante un cuestionario basado en la autopercepción durante el primer semestre del año 2023. Materiales y métodos: El diseño de investigación aplicado en este estudio fue descriptivo y transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 63 profesores que realizan docencia en carreras del área de la salud de la Universidad Viña del Mar, Chile. Se aplicó el cuestionario "DigCompEdu Chek-in" para valorar las competencias digitales docentes, con un formato de respuesta en escala de Likert. El instrumento considera las dimensiones compromiso profesional, recursos/pedagogía digital, evaluación y retroalimentación, empoderamiento a los estudiantes y facilitar la competencia digital de los estudiantes. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante un formulario virtual en Google Forms. Los datos se analizaron utilizando estadística descriptiva, que incluyó promedios, desviación estándar, coeficiente de variación, porcentajes y frecuencias. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que los docentes, en su conjunto, obtuvieron una calificación promedio de 3,4 en el instrumento completo, con una desviación estándar de 1,2. Esto indica que los profesores se sitúan en un rango intermedio en términos de competencia digital docente (CDD), lo que sugiere que tienen una percepción moderada de su competencia digital. Conclusiones: Los profesionales, en su rol docente, deben sentirse habilitados para abordar cuestiones de seguridad en línea, emplear herramientas de evaluación digital y personalizar la enseñanza mediante la tecnología. Al hacerlo, podrán proporcionar una educación más completa y relevante en la era digital actual. Por tanto, la formación en CDC en los profesores puede constituir un criterio de calidad educativa y de mejora en la preparación de los estudiantes para un mundo marcado por la competencia digital.

Objective: To determine the level of digital skills among academics who teach firstto fifth-year students of health sciences programs using a self-perception questionnaire during the first semester 2023. Materials and methods: The study used a descriptive and cross-sectional research design. The sample consisted of 63 professors of health sciences programs at Universidad de Viña del Mar, Chile. Digital teaching skills were assessed using the DigCompEdu CheckIn questionnaire and a Likert scale response format. The instrument considered the dimensions professional commitment, digital resources/pedagogy, evaluation and feedback, student empowerment and facilitating students' digital skills. Data were collected using Google Forms and analyzed with descriptive statistics that included means, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, percentages and frequencies. Results: The results show that the professors, as a whole, achieved an average score of 3.4 in the complete instrument, with a standard deviation of 1.2. This indicates that professors are in an intermediate range in terms of digital teaching skills, thus suggesting that they have a moderate perception of their digital skills. Conclusions: Professionals, in their teaching role, should feel empowered to address online security issues, use digital assessment tools and customize teaching through technology. By doing so, they will be able to provide a more comprehensive and high-quality education in today's digital age. Therefore, training in digital teaching skills among professors may be a criterion for improving educational quality and students' training in a world where digital skills play a key role.

Health literacy, numeracy, graph literacy, and digital literacy: An overview of definitions, evaluation methods, and best practices.

Health literacy is an important skill for people receiving care. Those with limited literacy face disparities in their care and health outcomes when strategies for addressing literacy are not used when delivering health information. In this article, we introduce the importance of considering health literacy, defining it and related concepts including numeracy, graph literacy, and digital literacy, and discuss open questions about measuring health literacy in clinical care. Finally, we present best practices, including assuming "universal precautions," carefully considering wording, leveraging visualizations, recognizing cultural differences in interpretation, guidance on pilot testing, and considering digital literacy when developing electronic materials.

Efficacy and efficiency of information retrieval of community family physicians at the point of care: exploring the associations with information and computer literacy.

Objective: This study aimed to measure the association between the efficacy/efficiency of digital information retrieval among community family physicians at the point of care and information and computer literacy. Methods: This study is a part of a cross-sectional anonymous online survey-based study among community family physicians who reported no affiliation with an academic institution in eight Arab countries. Results: A total of 72 physicians were included. The mean total score for the information literacy scale was 59.8 out of 91 (SD = 11.4). The mean score was 29.3 (SD = 5.6) out of 55 on the computer literacy scale. A one-way ANOVA revealed a statistically significant association between information literacy and information retrieval efficacy (F (2,69) = 4.466, p = 0.015) and efficiency of information retrieval (F (2.69) = 4.563, p = 0.014). Computer literacy was not associated with information retrieval efficacy or efficiency. Conclusion: The information and computer literacy scores of community family physicians in eight Arab countries are average. Information literacy, rather than computer literacy, is positively associated with the efficacy and efficiency of information retrieval at the point of care. There is room for improvement in evidence-based medicine curricula and continuous professional development to improve information literacy for better information retrieval and patient care.

A model to improve user acceptance of e-services in healthcare systems based on technology acceptance model: an empirical study.

Improving the quality of electronic services (e-services) is essential when dealing with unforeseen factors and uncertainties in healthcare, such as the outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19) and changes in the needs and expectations of patients. This paper presents a comprehensive conceptual model in healthcare systems for improving the user acceptance of e-services. A model referred to as the technology acceptance model (TAM) is considered that includes several factors. The factors are computer literacy, website quality, service quality, user attitude, perceived enjoyment, and user satisfaction. According to the collected data and the performed analysis, the fit indices of this survey reveal that the conceptual model has an acceptable fit. The findings are as follows. Computer literacy has positive effects on perceived enjoyment and ease of use. Website quality has positive effects on perceived enjoyment, ease of use, and user satisfaction. Perceived enjoyment has a positive effect on perceived usefulness. Ease of use has positive effects on the usefulness, willingness to use e-services, and user attitude. User satisfaction has a positive effect on user attitude. Perceived usefulness has a positive effect on the willingness to use e-services. Finally, among these variables, only the user attitude has no significant effect on the willingness to use e-services in the healthcare system. Therefore, to promote performance quality and to motivate people to use e-services, healthcare managers should improve these factors.

Bridging the educational gap in terms of digital competences between healthcare institutions' demands and professionals' needs.

BACKGROUND: Healthcare professionals with insufficient digital competence can be detrimental to patient safety and increase the incidence of errors. In order to guarantee proper care, healthcare organizations should provide opportunities to learn how to use technology, especially for those professionals who have not received training about this topic during their undergraduate studies. OBJECTIVE: This exploratory study aimed to conduct surveys among Spanish healthcare professionals to determine whether their organisations had trained them in the use of healthcare technology and the areas where most emphasis was placed. METHODS: 1624 Spanish healthcare professionals responded to an ad hoc online survey 7 questions related to the digital skill training offered by the healthcare organisations they work for. RESULTS: Nurses were the most widely represented group, making up 58.29% of the total, followed by physicians namely 26.49%. Only 20% of the nurses surveyed had received some training from their institution related to healthcare technology. According to the participants' responses, physicians received significantly more training in this area than nurses. Training related to database searching for research purposes or computer management followed the same trend. Nurses also received less training than physicians in this area. 32% of physicians and nurses paid for their own training if they did not receive any training from institutions. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses receive less training, on topics such as database searching or management, from the healthcare centres and hospitals where they work. Moreover, they also have fewer research and digital skills. Both of these factors may lead to deficits in their care activities, and have adverse effects on patients. Not to mention fewer opportunities for professional progress.

Estrategia de superación profesional para potenciar la cultura informacional del docente universitario con el uso de herramientas infotecnológicas / Professional development strategy for the improvement of the information culture of university teachers through the use of information technology tools

Fundamento: La cultura informacional en las universidades desarrolla en los docentes universitarios buenas prácticas educativas con el uso de la información mediante herramientas infotecnológicas. Objetivo: Proponer una estrategia de superación profesional para potenciar la cultura informacional del docente universitario, con el uso de herramientas infotecnológicas. Metodología: Investigación pedagógica realizada en la universidad de Sancti Spíritus "José Martí Pérez" durante el periodo de tiempo comprendido entre el año 2020 y el 2021. Se utilizó el método histórico lógico y el inductivo deductivo para determinar los fundamentos teóricos y metodológicos que sustentan la cultura informacional en el proceso de superación profesional. La modelación, además de permitir estructurar la estrategia que se propone; permitió determinar los objetivos, etapas y la selección de las formas organizativas de las acciones propuestas. El criterio de expertos para evaluar la pertinencia de la propuesta mediante la comparación por pares. Resultados: Una estrategia de superación profesional estructurada en 4 etapas (diagnóstico, planeación estratégica, instrumentación, evaluación), que sustentada en el uso de herramientas infotecnológicas se orienta a potenciar la cultura informacional del docente universitario. Conclusiones: La estrategia de superación profesional propuesta resulta viable para potenciar la cultura informacional del docente universitario; la misma tiene una adecuada correspondencia entre sus etapas y acciones, los fundamentos y exigencias pedagógicas.

Background: The information culture in universities develops in university teachers good pedagogical practices with the use of information through info-technological tools. Objective: To propose a professional improvement strategy to enhance the information culture of university teachers through the use of information technology tools. Methodology: Pedagogical research conducted at the University of Sancti Spíritus "José Martí Pérez" during the period from 2020 to 2021. The historical-logical and inductive-deductive methods were used to determine the theoretical and methodological foundations that support the information culture in the professional development process. Modeling not only allowed the proposed strategy to be structured, but also allowed the objectives to be defined, stages and the selection of organizational forms for the proposed actions. Expert assessment of the proposal's relevance through peer comparison. Results: A professional development strategy structured in 4 stages (diagnosis, strategic planning, instrumentation, evaluation), based on the use of information technology tools, aimed at reinforcing the information culture of university teachers. Conclusions: The proposed professional development strategy is feasible to promote the information culture of university teachers; it has an adequate correspondence between its stages and actions, the pedagogical foundations and requirements.

Diagnostic accuracy of eHealth literacy measurement tools in older adults: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: In Canada, virtual health care rapidly expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is substantial variability between older adults in terms of digital literacy skills, which precludes equitable participation of some older adults in virtual care. Little is known about how to measure older adults' electronic health (eHealth) literacy, which could help healthcare providers to support older adults in accessing virtual care. Our study objective was to examine the diagnostic accuracy of eHealth literacy tools in older adults. METHODS: We completed a systematic review examining the validity of eHealth literacy tools compared to a reference standard or another tool. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL/CDSR, PsycINFO and grey literature for articles published from inception until January 13, 2021. We included studies where the mean population age was at least 60 years old. Two reviewers independently completed article screening, data abstraction, and risk of bias assessment using the Quality Assessment for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. We implemented the PROGRESS-Plus framework to describe the reporting of social determinants of health. RESULTS: We identified 14,940 citations and included two studies. Included studies described three methods for assessing eHealth literacy: computer simulation, eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS), and Transactional Model of eHealth Literacy (TMeHL). eHEALS correlated moderately with participants' computer simulation performance (r = 0.34) and TMeHL correlated moderately to highly with eHEALS (r = 0.47-0.66). Using the PROGRESS-Plus framework, we identified shortcomings in the reporting of study participants' social determinants of health, including social capital and time-dependent relationships. CONCLUSIONS: We found two tools to support clinicians in identifying older adults' eHealth literacy. However, given the shortcomings highlighted in the validation of eHealth literacy tools in older adults, future primary research describing the diagnostic accuracy of tools for measuring eHealth literacy in this population and how social determinants of health impact the assessment of eHealth literacy is needed to strengthen tool implementation in clinical practice. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: We registered our systematic review of the literature a priori with PROSPERO (CRD42021238365).

The role of digital literacy in achieving health equity in the third millennium society: A literature review.

Healthcare in the third millennium is largely delivered through systems involving the use of the technological devices and services, foremost among them telemedicine. For the adequate delivery of digital medicine services, however, it is necessary for users to be digitally literate, that is, able to consciously make use of technology. In order to understand how relevant digital literacy is in determining the effectiveness of e-Health services, we performed a traditional literature review on 3 major databases by combining the terms "Digital Literacy" and "Computer Literacy" with the terms "Telemedicine" and "Telehealth". Starting from an initial library of 1,077 papers, we selected 38 articles. At the outcome of the search, we found that digital literacy is a pivotal element in conditioning the effectiveness of telemedicine and digital medicine services in general, however, with some limitations.

A cross-sectional study of university students' pocket money variance and its relationship with digital health literacy and subjective well-being in Ghana.

Background: Mental health concerns of university students are gaining more attention since the emergence of the coronavirus disease. Consequently, scholars in education, health and psychology-related fields have attributed the dwindling subjective well-being (SWB) of students to their low levels of digital health literacy (DHL). However, little attention has been paid to an important variable like pocket money (PM) which might serve as a buffer against reduced levels of SWB. In this study, we explored the dynamics of PM and its linkage with DHL and SWB among university students in Ghana. Methods: With a cross-sectional design, a convenient sample of 1160 students was obtained from the University of Education, Winneba, Ghana. The COVID-DHL and WHO-5 Well-being instruments were used for the data collection for a 2 months period (February-March, 2021). Chi-square test, multivariate regression, simple linear regression, and PROCESS mediation analyses were performed with the use of SPSS software version 25. Results: The study found that while most of the students were financially supported by their parents (n = 715, 61.6%), a larger proportion of them reported that their PM was either less sufficient or not sufficient (n = 550; 76.9%). Findings revealed a positive relationship between PM and SWB (B = -36.419, p < 0.001; B = -13.146, p = 0.012; B = -10.930, p = 0.043), with this relationship mediated by DHL (B = -1.139, confidence interval [CI] [-2.073, -0.263] vs. -2.300, CI [-4.290, -0.532] vs. -8.366, CI [-14.863, -1.908]). Conclusions: Students with little to insufficient PM were vulnerable to mental health problems, although this could be buffered by the high DHL levels. In practical terms, not only should the PM of university students be increased, but the sources of PM should be complemented since the sufficiency level of PM was associated with the source of finance. More importantly, parents should be empowered through job creation so that sufficient levels of PM can be provided to university students.

Proficiência digital e aprendizagem da história das entidades da enfermagem brasileira na pandemia / Competencia digital y aprendizaje de la historia de las asociaciones de enfermería brasileñas durante la pandemia / Digital proficiency and the learning of brazilian nursing institutions' history in the pandemic

Resumo Objetivo Caracterizar a proficiência digital e a aprendizagem de estudantes de enfermagem sobre a história das entidades de classe da enfermagem brasileira. Métodos Estudo exploratório-descritivo, transversal, realizado no curso de bacharelado em enfermagem, de três campi de uma instituição de ensino superior pública federal do Nordeste brasileiro. Aplicou-se, de novembro de 2020 a maio de 2021, questionário, via Google Forms, aos estudantes de enfermagem regularmente matriculados no segundo e terceiro períodos do curso. Realizou-se a análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados Participaram 56 estudantes de enfermagem, sendo 55,4% vinculados ao campus 1; 53,6% cursavam o terceiro semestre; 83,9% do sexo feminino; média idade de 20,55 (+3,32) anos; 55,4% pardos; 94,6% sem vínculo empregatício; 73,2% residindo com os pais; 92,9% com renda familiar mensal equivalente a três salários-mínimos. O grau de proficiência digital básico médio foi considerado baixo. Quanto às tecnologias digitais no ensino e à aprendizagem sobre história das entidades de classe, 62,5% acreditaram que contribuiria para aprendizagem, além do espaço da sala de aula, e facilitaria o acesso aos conteúdos; e 78,6% consideraram importante para desenvolver o senso crítico-reflexivo e a conscientização sobre a participação nessas entidades. Evidenciaram fundamental conhecer história da criação, contribuições, lutas, desafios e primeiras diretoras da Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem, além da criação dos Conselhos Federal e Regionais de Enfermagem e das respectivas atribuições. Conclusão As ações de ensino-aprendizagem, mediadas por tecnologias digitais, precisam considerar as competências digitais e os interesses dos estudantes na aprendizagem remota sobre história das entidades de classe da enfermagem.

Resumen Objetivo Caracterizar la competencia digital y el aprendizaje de estudiantes de enfermería sobre la historia de las asociaciones profesionales en la enfermería brasileña. Métodos Estudio exploratorio descriptivo, transversal, realizado en la carrera de licenciatura en enfermería, en tres campi de una institución de enseñanza superior pública federal del nordeste brasileño. De noviembre de 2020 a mayo de 2021, se aplicó un cuestionario por Google Forms a los estudiantes de enfermería regularmente matriculados en el segundo y tercer semestre de la carrera. Se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial. Resultados Participaron 56 estudiantes de enfermería, el 55,4 % estaba vinculado al campus 1; el 53,6 % del tercer semestre; el 83,9 % de sexo femenino; promedio de edad de 20,55 (+3,32) años; el 55,4 % pardo; el 94,6 % sin vínculo laboral; el 73,2 % vive con sus padres; el 92,9 % con ingresos familiares mensuales equivalentes a tres salarios mínimos. El nivel de competencia digital básica promedio fue considerado bajo. En lo que se refiere a las tecnologías digitales en la enseñanza y al aprendizaje sobre historia de las asociaciones profesionales, el 62,5 % consideró que contribuiría para el aprendizaje, más allá del aula, y facilitaría el acceso a los contenidos; el 78,6 % lo consideró importante para desarrollar el sentido crítico-reflexivo y para concientizar sobre la participación en esas asociaciones. Consideraron fundamental conocer la historia de la creación, las contribuciones, las luchas, los desafíos y las primeras directoras de la Asociación Brasileña de Enfermería, además de la creación del Consejo Federal y los Consejos Regionales de Enfermería y sus respectivas atribuciones. Conclusión Las acciones de enseñanza-aprendizaje, mediadas por tecnologías digitales, deben considerar las competencias digitales y los intereses de los estudiantes en el aprendizaje remoto sobre historia de las asociaciones profesionales de enfermería.

Abstract Objective To characterize the digital proficiency of nurse students about the history of Brazilian nursing class institutions. Methods Exploratory-descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out in the Nursing bachelor's degree from three campuses of a federal public higher education institution in northeastern Brazil. We applied, from November 2020 to May, a questionnaire via Google Forms to nurse students regularly registered in the second and third periods of the course. We carried out statistical, descriptive, and inferential analyses. Results 56 nurse students participated in the study, of which 55.64% were from campus 1; 53.6% attended the third semester, 83.9% were female; average age of 20.55 (+3.32) years old; 55.4 were brown; 94.6% with no employment relationship; 73.2% living with their parents; 92.9% with a monthly family income of three minimum wages. We considered the average degree of basic digital proficiency low. Regarding the digital technologies in teaching and the learning about the class institutions' history, 62.5% believed that it contributed to the learning process, besides the classroom space and it eased the access to content, and 78.6% considered it important to develop a critical-reflexive sense and the awareness about the participation of these institutions. They found it fundamental to know the creation history, contributions, struggles, challenges, and first directors of the Brazilian Nursing Association, besides the creation of the Nursing Federal and Regional Councils and the respective attributions. Conclusion The teaching-learning process mediated by digital technologies needs to consider the digital competencies and students' interest in remote teaching about the nursing class institutions' history.

COVID-digital health literacy and subjective well-being of students in Ghana: Mediation-moderation analyses.

Background: Previous research has established a strong association between COVID-19 digital health literacy (DHL) and subjective well-being among several populations, including students. With the growing misinformation and heightened fear of COVID-19 among persons with an underlying medical condition, several scholars have questioned the direct relationship between DHL and well-being. This study assessed the moderating roles of information accuracy concerns and the existence of an underlying medical condition among students. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, a multi-stage sampling approach was used to select 1392 students from senior high schools in Northern Ghana who completed a questionnaire containing information on DHL, information accuracy, subjective well-being, and underlying health condition, with reported internal consistency coefficients above 0.70. The data which was processed with SPSS version 25, was analyzed using correlation (Pearson and biserial), and Hayes' PROCESS for the moderation and mediation analyses. Results: A significant positive relationship was found between (a) DHL and subjective well-being, (b) DHL and information accuracy concerns, and (c) information accuracy concerns and subjective well-being. However, the prevalence of underlying health condition was negatively associated with information accuracy, DHL, and subjective well-being. Information accuracy concerns and the existence of an underlying medical condition significantly regulated the relationship between DHL and subjective well-being. Conclusions: Demonstrating satisfactory levels of DHL does not necessarily result in improved subjective well-being. However, emphasis should be placed on whether individuals attach much importance to the accuracy of information retrieved as well as having or not an underlying health condition.

Use of Instant Messaging Software in a German Hospital-An Exploratory Investigation among Physicians.

Internationally, evidence exists that physicians use instant messaging services for communication tasks in everyday clinical practice However, there are only few data on physicians in Germany in this regard. Therefore, at the initiation of our project "DocTalk-Dialog meets Chatbot: Collaborative Learning and Teaching in the Process of Work", we conducted a stakeholder survey with an exploratory research approach. The aim was to gain initial insights into use of instant messaging software and attitudes towards data security and advantages and disadvantages before implementing a data-secure in-house messaging platform. N = 70 physicians at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin completed an exploratory questionnaire with closed and open-ended questions. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data using thematic analysis. The use of messenger software was not widespread in the sample studied. Physicians most frequently used face-to-face contact for communication. On average, up to ten instant messages were exchanged per day, mainly among colleagues, to answer mutual questions, and to send pictures. With a high awareness of privacy-related restrictions among participating physicians, advantages such as fast and uncomplicated communication were also highlighted. An instant messenger solution that complies with the German data protection guidelines is needed and should be investigated in more detail.

NHS knowledge and library services in England in the digital age.

National Health Service (NHS) knowledge and library services in England are integrating digital advances into their systems and services. Health Education England (HEE) leads on the development of NHS library services. A key workstream focuses on (1) improving the infrastructure to enable discovery and management of digital knowledge resources; (2) collaborating with local teams to establish regional library management systems that are integrated with the new national discovery service for healthcare staff and learners. This article explores initiatives on resource discovery as well as the need for system-wide partnership working to ensure that biomedical knowledge in computable form is findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable. Low levels of health and digital literacy pose a significant barrier to using health information and accessing health services. A range of interventions are aimed at enhancing citizens' digital and health literacy skills. The education and life-long learning needs of the knowledge and library services workforce are considered. Working with CILIP and higher education institutions, HEE delivers a range of educational offers through its Learning Academy. As Artificial Intelligence and automation are implemented in health systems, knowledge and library staff form a crucial bridge between technology and those who use it.